Three-Point Lighting

Introduction

Three-point lighting is the standard method used in visual media such as video, film, still photography, and computer-generated imagery. By using three separate positions, the photographer can illuminate the subject however desired, while also controlling the shading and shadows produced by direct lighting.

Why Three Points?

The three-point lighting technique forms the basis of most lighting setups. Understanding this foundation will help you:

• Create depth and dimension in your images
• Control shadows effectively
• Separate your subject from the background
• Achieve professional-quality results

The Three Lights

1. Key Light - The primary light source
2. Fill Light - Reduces shadows created by the key
3. Back Light - Separates subject from background

Setting Up Your Lights

Now that you understand the basics, let's set up a three-point lighting arrangement step by step.

Key Light Placement

The key light is your main light source. Position it at a 45-degree angle to your subject, slightly above eye level.

        [Key Light]
              \
               \  45°
                \
            [Subject] -----> [Camera]

Fill Light Placement

Place the fill light on the opposite side of the key light. It should be less intense - typically half the power of your key light.

Back Light Placement

Position the back light behind and above your subject, pointing toward the camera position. This creates a rim of light that separates your subject from the background.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Placing lights too close to the subject
• Using equal intensity for key and fill lights
• Forgetting to check for unwanted reflections
• Not considering the color temperature of your lights